![]() ![]() These nematodes cause direct feeding damage and (or) transmit viruses that result in poor fruit quality and plant decline. ![]() Pratylenchus and Xiphinema species have been associated with decline and mortality of brambles ( Rubus species) in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. This combined restoration treatment needs to be applied for at least 3 consecutive years to induce significant changes and enable this ecosystem to return to the dry grassland succession.Ī Plant Health Care Program for Brambles in the Pacific Northwest Our study suggests that only annual mechanical clearing coupled with sheep and goats grazing can significantly reduce bramble cover. Similarly, digging drainage trenches had no significant impact either on the plant community or on bramble cover. Neither a clearing operation carried out in 2010 alone, nor grazing alone, reduced bramble cover, and neither treatment increased the species richness of the plant community. Only clearing and grazing combined over 3 years led to significant changes in vegetation height and bramble cover as well as modifications in the floristic composition, diversity, similarity, and richness of the plant community. To identify a strategy for effective control of this colonization, in situ experiments testing disturbance regimes (shrub clearing and/or mixed grazing by sheep and goats) combined with the control of access to water resources (with or without drainage trenches) were undertaken between 20. Today, this ecosystem is facing a new threat from a proliferating native species, the bramble ( Rubus ulmifolius Schott), which preferentially colonizes areas that were formerly cultivated and/or exposed to water infiltration. Masson, Solène Mesléard, François Dutoit, Thierryįor centuries, the dry grassland of the plain of La Crau (south-eastern France) has been subjected to numerous disturbances resulting in the destruction and the fragmentation of this emblematic rangeland ecosystem of the Mediterranean. Using Shrub Clearing, Draining, and Herbivory to Control Bramble Invasion in Mediterranean Dry Grasslands Medicinal uses for brambles were documented in the writ. Rubus species were a food and medicinal source for native peoples soon after the ice age. The genus Rubus L., indigenous to six continents, includes blackberries, raspberries and their hybrids, and is commonly referred to as brambles or briers. USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database Rubus Pharmocology: Antiquity to the Present By comparing different cp haplotypes having clear geographic patterns, we hypothesize that the origin of European brambles can be attributed to both Holocene species range expansion and Pleistocene climate fluctuations. Discolores) we could also infer the direction of hybridization. ![]() We furthermore detected hybridogenous origins and identified putative parents for several taxa (e.g. We distinguished just six ancestral diploids (including two extinct ones) for both markers, which gave rise to all European polyploid accessions, and revealed an extreme reticulation in bramble evolution. We employed two molecular markers (ITS and cpDNA) to shed light on the evolutionary history of European bramble flora and main processes generating such high species diversity. Rubus ( brambles, blackberries), which only in Europe includes 748 accepted species, out of which only four are sexual diploids and all others are polyploid apomicts. A good model system to study reticulate evolution in plants is Rubus subgen. Interspecific hybrids can form isolated evolutionary units, especially when mechanisms increasing viability and fertility, like polyploidy and apomixis, are involved. New species are generated by many means, among which hybridization plays an important role. Sochor, Michal VaÅ¡ut, Radim J Sharbel, Timothy F TrávnÃÄek, Bohumil How just a few makes a lot: Speciation via reticulation and apomixis on example of European brambles ( Rubus subgen. ![]()
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